Introduction to Web Technology
Web technologies refers to the way computers/devices communicate
with each other using mark up languages. It invo It is communication
across the web, and create, deliver or manage web content using
hypertext markup language (HTML).
- A web page is a web document which is written in in HTML (hypertext
markup language) - It is said to have brought the world into a small village where people and
devices can communicate to each other seamlessly. - WWW has allowed for the access of information that would have been
impossible to find or may have been difficult to find without the www.
The Internet & World Wide
Web(WWW)
The terms Internet and the World Wide Web are synonymous in the minds of
many, but they have different meanings.
The Internet is a massive network of networks that connects millions of
computers worldwide.
Computers connected to the Internet can communicate with one another with
a number of protocols such as HTTP, SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol),
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), IRC (Internet relay chat), IM (instant messaging),
Telnet, and P2P (peer-to-peer).
The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents and
programs that can be accessed via the Internet primarily by using HTTP
Web page
HTML
Web Server
Web Browser
URL
Protocol
Internet Protocol (IP) Address
HTTP
XML
Gateway
API
Important terms of Web
Technology
Some web components
Web – Page A document which can be displayed in a web
browser such as Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera,
Microsoft Internet Explorer or Edge, or Apple’s Safari.
These are also often called just “pages.
WebSite A collection of web pages which are grouped
together and usually connected together in various ways.
Often called a “web site” or simply a “site.“
Web Server A special high end computer that hosts a
website on the Internet. Today we have Cloud services
that act as web servers.
Static pages show the same content each time they are viewed.
Dynamic pages have content that can change each time they are
accessed.
Dynamic pages are typically written in scripting languages such as
PHP, Perl, ASP, or JSP. The scripts in the pages run functions on the
server that return things like the date and time, and database
information.
All the information is returned as HTML code, so when the page gets to
your browser, all the browser has to do is translate the HTML.
Dynamic v/s Static Pages
HTML
HTML is a language which is used to create static web pages.
HTML is the Language of Web Pages on the World Wide Web.
HTML uses bracketed commands called ‘HTML tags’ that are integrated
into a text document.
HTML code can be written in a text editor (like Notepad).
Save the text editor file with “.htm” or “.html” extension.
Open the file with any web browser(Like Internet Explorer, Firefox) to see the
HTML page output.
HTML
HEAD
BODY
Basic HTML Tags
title (page title),
style (rendering style),
link (related documents),
meta (data about the
document),
script (client-side scripting
Example
<html>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Web BrowserA web browser is an application program for retrieving,
presenting and traversing information resources on the World
Wide Web.
An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource
Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video or other
piece of content.
Some examples of web browser:
Internet Explorer
Google Chrome,
Firefox,
Opera,
Safari
Web Server
A Web server is a program or computer machine
that generates and transmits responses to client
requests for Web resources using HTTP protocol.
Every computer on the Internet that contains a
Web site must have a Web server program.
Any computer can be turned into a Web server by
installing server software and connecting the
machine to the Internet.
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